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(CNN) -- We've all heard the dictum: Don't text and drive.
Now a New Jersey
state appeals court has an addendum: Don't knowingly text a driver -- or you
could be held liable if he causes a crash.
Kyle Best was behind the wheel of his
pickup in September 2009 driving down a rural highway when Shannon Colonna sent
him a text.
The two were teens at the time. He
was 18; she was 17, and they were dating. They sent each other 62 texts that
day, according to court documents.
In the opposing lane of traffic,
David Kubert was cruising along on a big, blue touring motorcycle with his
wife, Linda, along for the ride. They approached Best at exactly the wrong
time.
A court summary of the times of texts
and calls to and from Best's cell phone reflect what happened next:
The teens were having a text chat,
volleying each other messages every few moments.
Seventeen seconds after Best sent a
text, he was calling a 911 operator.
His truck had drifted across the
double center line and hit the Kuberts head-on.
The scene Best described to the
emergency operator was most certainly gruesome.
"The collision severed, or
nearly severed David's left leg. It shattered Linda's left leg, leaving her
fractured thighbone protruding out of the skin as she lay injured in the
road," the court document said.
Best hung up. Colonna texted him two
more times.
The court did not publish the
contents of their messages.
The lawsuit
The Kuberts both lost their legs.
They sued.
But they didn't just go after Best.
They included Colonna in the lawsuit.
In their minds, she was distracting
him and was also responsible for their pain and loss.
They settled with Best and lost
against Colonna, but they appealed that decision.
The plaintiffs' attorney, Stephen
Weinstein, argued that the text sender was electronically in the car with the
driver receiving the text and should be treated like someone sitting next to
him willfully causing a distraction, legal analyst Marc Saperstein
told CNN affiliate WPIX-TV.
The argument seemed to work.
The ruling
On Tuesday, three appeals court
judges agreed with it -- in principle.
They ruled that if the sender of
text messages knows that the recipient is driving and texting at the same time,
a court may hold the sender responsible for distraction and hold him or her
liable for the accident.
"We hold that the sender of a
text message can potentially be liable if an accident is caused by texting, but
only if the sender knew or had special reason to know that the recipient would
view the text while driving and thus be distracted," the court said.
But the judges let Colonna off the
hook.
She had a habit of sending more than
100 texts a day and was oblivious to whether recipients were driving or not.
"I'm a young teenager. That's
what we do," she said in her deposition before the original trial.
Since she was unaware that Best was
texting while driving, she bore no responsibility, the court decided.
"In this appeal, we must also
decide whether plaintiffs have shown sufficient evidence to defeat summary
judgment in favor of the remote texter. We conclude they have not," it
said.
The reaction
During the trial, Colonna, now 21,
found it "weird" that the plaintiffs tried to nail down whether she
knew Best was texting behind the wheel, the court document said.
The judges' decision has elicited a
similar response from the state's governor, Chris Christie.
The driver is ultimately
responsible, he said. Not someone sending him a text.
"You have the obligation to
keep your eyes on the road, your hands on the wheel and pay attention to what
you're doing," he told radio station New Jersey 101.5.
Other New Jerseyites agreed.
"That's completely absurd, just
because you know you're driving doesn't mean, it really doesn't mean they know
you're looking at it," Joe Applegate told WPIX.
"Even talking to the driver can
distract them, so they are going to arrest for someone who simply talked to
someone who is driving?" Louise McKellip asked.
The future
New Jersey has been cracking down hard on
texting and driving in recent years, implementing new laws and regulations that
treat it in a similar manner as drunken driving if it involves an injury
accident.
The state passed a law last year based on the fate of the
Kuberts and others who had been killed or maimed by texting motorists.
The "Kulesh, Kubert and
Bolish's Law" makes distracted driving a crime if the driver causes an
accident. Fines for bodily injury run as high as $150,000, and the driver can
go to jail for up to 10 years.
And
new
legislation proposed by state Sen. James Holzapfel would let police thumb
through cellphones if they have "reasonable grounds" to believe the
driver was talking or texting when the wreck occurred.
The bill has set off alarm bells
with the American Civil Liberties Union of New Jersey.
